Indications

The preparation is indicated in the combined treatment of the hypo- and avitaminosis A and D; rachitis; xerophtalmia; hypoparathyroidism; retarded bone fracture healing; osteomalacia; visual disorders.

Dosage and administration

The main goal of the rachitis prevention is to supply individual daily requirements of Vitamin D. Usually the daily dose 500 - 1 000 IU is sufficient to meet the daily requirements of the children organism. In prematurely born children and children with low body weight prevention should be started 8 days after the birth, and the daily requirements are higher: 2 000 IU, and 1 500 IU in children with birth body weight lower than 1 500 g, and 1 500 - 2 000 g respectively. The treatment of the rachitis should be complex and individually adjusted. The daily dose and duration of the treatment depend on the form and the severity of the disease. Following doses of Vitamin D are recommended: initial mild rachitis - 2 000 - 4 000 IU daily; moderate rachitis - 4 000 - 6 000 IU; severe rachitis - 6 000-10 000 IU. In patients with hypothyroid conditions a high dose Vitamin D may provoke phosphaturia with concomitant elevation of the calcium serum level, which should be kept in mind when the daily dose is specified - 250 000 IU. In relevance with the former, recommended daily doses Deavit are as follows: in adults is 10-15 drops, in infants - 3-6 drops, and in children 5-10 drops.

Contraindications

The preparation is contraindicated in hypersensitivity to any of its components, hypervitaminosis D and A, severe acute and chronic liver and renal diseases, generalized arteriosclerosis, heart failure, and severe calcium and phosphate dysbalance.

Special warnings and precautions

In adult patients the dose should be carefully specified, as the increased deposition of calcium in the body stimulates the development of arteriosclerosis. The preparation should be used with care in hypercholesterolemia, hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypersensitivity to Vitamin D, ulcer disease, sarcoidosis, and pulmonary tuberculosis. Deavit should be administered with particular care during the pregnancy and lactation, with individual specification of the daily dose and the duration of the treatment. Data exist that over dosage of Vitamin A and D may lead to fatal malformations - hypersensitivity of newborn to Vitamin D effect, depression of the parathyroid function; congenital aortic valve stenosis. In long-term administration in high dose fatigue and somnolence may appear, which may influence the motor activity and concentration capabilities.

Drug interactions

In concomitant administration with laxative drugs, cholestyramine, and sucralfate Vitamin A and D deficiency may appear, due to resorption disorders. Thyroxin reduces the Vitamin A effect. Oral contraceptive agents reduce plasma levels of the Vitamin A and exhaust Vitamin A stores. Barbiturates and hydantoin anti-convulsion medicines reduce the Vitamin D effect, changing its metabolism by enzyme reduction. Vitamin D antagonizes effects of calcitonin. Concomitant administration with calcium-containing preparations and thiazide diuretics enhance the risk of hypercalcemia. In oral administration Vitamin A reduce effects of corticosteroids, whereas in dermal application it enhances their epithelia-stimulating effect.

Adverse reactions

The preparation is very well tolerated. Sometimes following symptoms may be seen: fatigue, somnolence, anorexia, alopecia, menstrual disorders, and allergy reactions. In very rare cases skin dystrophy, cortical hyperostosis, preliminary closure of the long bone epiphyses, and hyperthermia were seen.

Pharmacological mechanisms

Vitamin A (retinol) is known as an anti-xerophtalic vitamin. It possesses an epithelia-stimulating effect - contributes to normal constructing and normal development of the epithelial cells of the skin and mucous membranes; improves the resistance of the epithelial tissue to physical, chemical and bacterial harmful agents. Vitamin A participates in synthesis of the visual pigment rhodopsin, responsible for the adaptation of the eye to the poor light. It stimulates synthesis of the sexual hormones and corticosteroids. Improves resistance of the organism to a low temperature and infectious diseases. Vitamin D (ergocalciferol) improves calcium and phosphate absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, regulates their exchange, and facilitates their deposition in the bones. Vitamin D improves tissue metabolism; normalizes functioning of the gastrointestinal tract and the liver.

Supplied

Vial, containing 10 ml solution.

Expiry

1year.